Wheel Force Transducers (WFTs)

 

World Class Testing Technology!

RS Technologies offers the widest range of wheel force measurement for road load data acquisition applications for small passenger cars on up to heavy trucks! The sensors can also be used for bi-axial test rig load verification or road simulator calibration. Our deisgn is so flexible that the same heavy truck sensor can be used in several configuarations: steering axle, tandem rear, or with the new super-single! All RS Tech WFTs have the following features:
  • Single piece flexure for rugged, reliable and durable testing
  • Superior temperature compensation
  • Durable, splashproof and water-resistant sensor and electronics
  • Six-component road load measurement: longitudinal force, vertical force, axial force, turning moment, overturning moment, axial moment
  • On-board preamplifier and calibration circuitry for each channel of measurement
  • Easily integrated into modern state of the art road load data acquisition systems
  • Compatible with virtually all data acquisition systems

Bi-Axial Tire Test Rig Configuration

 

Click on one of the links below to see more information
about a particular capacity or accessory:

Click here to view our new 4-page brochure about Heavy Truck WFTs!

Click here to view our complete Road Load Data Acquisition brochure as a PDF file.

Durable High Accuracy Sensors

The WFT from RS Technologies is comprised of a durable, one-piece sensing element. The one-piece sensor design helps to ensure that calibration and crosstalk characteristics of the sensor will not change following calibration or during a test. It also provides linearity over the complete operating range and minimizes the chance of problems due to the loosening of bolted assemblies utilized by other manufacturers.

Based upon over 30 years of development, actual application engineering, and continual improvement, the result is a highly refined design that is built for use under severe loading and environmental conditions like off-road handling and short-term submersion, and yet provides superior measurement performance.The road load wheel sensors and torque wheel sensors from RS Technologies are multi-component transducers designed for comprehensive measurement of road load force, torque, or both on an automotive, light truck, or heavy truck wheel.

The road load wheel sensor is a six-component design that features a proprietary, advanced one-piece sensor section that is extremely rugged yet provides highly sensitive readings. The road load wheel is designed to measure three forces and three moments on an automobile or truck wheel: longitudinal, lateral, and vertical forces along with turnover moment, wheel torque, and turning moment.

Wide Range of Sizes
 

WFT in Test Rig

The RS Technologies WFTs come in a wide range of capacities to fit test requirements for subcompacts, standard passenger cars, light trucks, and heavy trucks. Hub adapters and modified rims can also be provided to adapt the sensor to the test vehicle.

 

WFT or Torque Wheel

For less complex testing of driving power and braking performance, RS Technologies can provide you with Torque Wheels. In addition, special units can be configured for measurement of rolling resistance drag for tire performance.

WFT System, Exploded View

Heavy-Duty Sealed Sensor

All RS Tech WFTs are heavy-duty, on-vehicle sonsors that can handle the bumps, jolts, and splash of typical road driving. The wheel sensors can accept extreme load inputs during the most demanding road surface tests, yet they also have the resolution and sensitivity to measure tire tread friction forces. The wheel sensors are rugged enough to withstand road abuse and can even be subjected to short-term submersion, even when outfitted with telemetry electronics.
Slip Ring or Telemetry

WFT w/Telemetry

The road load or torque wheel sensors provide output signals in real time to the CADA package via either a conventional slip ring or an advanced telemetry signal transmission unit as shown on the left.

 
Integral Angle Encoder
Both wheel sensor types include an integral angle position encoder that provides speed and position monitoring. This is particularly useful for ABS/traction control studies and differential performance analysis.
Transducer Interface Unit
Through the use of CADA, the Transducer Interface Unit (TIU) has become fully integrated into the data acquisition system, providing for dynamic force, torque, and position communication between the wheel sensor and the data acquisition system. The TIU consists of the power supplies and signal conditioning electronics that convert the WFT signals into equivalent signals referenced to the wheel axes. The TIU can support four WFTs and provide up to 96 channels for additional inputs in standard 8.5-inch or 19-inch rack mount type package.

Wheel Sensor with TIU (in vehicle)
 
Quick Setup of WFT with CADA

Cross Sectional View of WFT

Through use of our unified approach, the mounting, adjustment, and setup of the WFT using the CADA system is very straightforward and easily accomplished. When proper cabling and restraints are available, initial start up takes about 20 minutes per wheel. From a cold start, 10 minutes are required to warm up the system. The initial non-running adjustment takes 3-5 minutes per wheel. A full recheck and readjustment can be done as needed dynamically while driving. Rapid setup techniques allow verification of proper operation of all measuring elements and the same sequence can be used immediately following a test run to verify that the equipment has maintained original setup.

 

Calibration Services

RS Technologies has a state-of-the-art facility and an experienced staff to provide complete diagnostic, repair, and calibration services for all makes of road load and torque wheels. All torque and force calibration services are accredited by A2LA according to ISO Guide 25 and traceable to NIST standards.

IMPORTANT NOTE: RS Technologies highly recommends that all WFT systems (including sensors, electronics, and cables) be returned to the factory on an annual basis for inspection, calibration, and installation of upgrades. Only in cases of extremely light use the systems should be returned every two years.


Wheel Sensor under Test

General WFT Specifications
Nonlinearity
±0.5% of rated output
Hysteresis
±0.5% of rated output
Non-repeatability
±0.25% of rated output
Crosstalk
±1% Full Scale, typical; ±3% Full Scale, maximum
Excitation
±15 VDC
Output (all axes)
5.00 vdc ± 0.2%, nominal
Temperature Range
-25 to 150° C
Temperature Drift
0.005%/°C
Angle Encoder
Sine/cosine resolver
Coordinates
SAE Standard
Resolution
Depends on resolution of electronics; typically >30 Nt for force axes
>3 Nm for moment axes
Bridge Resistance
Fx & Fz 525 Ohms, Fy, Mx, My & Mz 1400 Ohms, nominal
Isolation Resistance
2,000 M Ohms
Overload Capacity
50% of Full Scale on all axes applied simultaneously, provided that the combined load on each axis does not exceed the overload rating for that axis
Natural Frequency
<300 Hz
Acceleration Tolerance
Shock 40 m/sec2
Environmental
Dust-proof, water resistant, short-term submersible, corrosion resistant
Slip Ring Specifications
Description
Anodized aluminum housing with military specification circular connectors with solder contacts
Current Capacity
 1 Amp
RPM Rating
2,000 rpm
Temperature Range
 -4.5 to +120 °C
Resolver Accuracy
 ±15 Arcminutes
Output Connector
 Bendix PT02H-14-18P
Dimensions
3.70 in. (94 mm) L x 3.50 in. (89 mm) OD
Weight
2.3 Kg (5 lbs.) 2.3 Kg (5 lbs.)
Telemetry Specifications
Amplifier
6 instrumentation amplifiers for full-bridge strain gages
Sensitivity
Adjusted according to sensors
Sensor Power Supply
±10 V
Shunt Calibration
50% full scale, remote controlled
High Pass Filter
x- and z-components, 0.5 Hz, switchable
Aliasing Filter
7-pol. butterworth, 1,2 kHz
Sample and Hold
Simultaneous
Sampling Rate per Channel
6 kHz
A/D Converter
16 bit resolution, separate converter per channel
Crosstalk Rotor Electronics
>100 dB
Linearity Rotor Electronics
< 0,01%
Analog Output
On wheel, ±10 V, driven, 7pol. binder connector water-protected
Temperature Channel
8 bit resolution, ±127 °C, for control of the temperature  in the wheel electronics
Angle of Rotation
Incremental sensor,  2048 pulses per rev, sin- and cos-values are transferred with time correction
Controller
Microprocessor controlled, settings are saved on EEPROM on rotor electronics, power on-download
Remote Control Commands
Autozero per component separate shunt calibration, combined high pass setting for x- and z-components
Data Transfer
Infrared, axial, serial format, 1.28 Mbps
Remote Control Signal Transfer
Inductive, RS232-format, 9600 Baud
Processor Unit
x- and z-components by means of processor controlled calculation unit, direction of rotation is programmable
Power Supply
Separate power supplies
 12 V/0,5 A per wheel
Weight Rotor Electronics
1.15 kg
Temperature Range
-20 ... +80 °C
Water Protection
According to IP67
Max. Driving Speed
260 km/h
Synchronizer & Interface
Per wheel 19“-plug-in module, bus coupling via dual ported RAM Interface to MOPS

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